Peltier elements

Peltier elements are based on the Peltier effect, a physical principle in which temperature differences are generated when an electric current flows through two different semiconductor materials. These temperature differences are used to transfer heat from one area to another. Therefore, Peltier elements can both cool and heat, depending on the direction of the current. Special applications include TEC assemblies for PCR cyclers in medical technology, temperature controllers, processor coolers or heaters in coffee machines. Peltier elements are often used in combination with heat pipe assemblies. The combination with Peltier elements allows precise control of cooling and heating processes.

For optimized heat flow, various thermal interface materials (TIM) can be used. These include thermal conductive pastes (TCP) and phase change materials (PCM). PCMs wet the surfaces and change their aggregate state with increasing temperatures and provide effective heat dissipation.